Differential algebraicity of multiple sine functions (Q2571639)

Let \(w_1,\dots, w_r> 0\). The multiple sine function of period \(\underline w= (w_1,\dots, w_r)\) is defined by \[ S_r(x,\underline w)= \Gamma_r(x,\underline w)^{-1} \Gamma_r(|\underline w|- x,\underline w)^{-1)^r}, \] where \(|\underline w|= w_1+\cdots+ w_r\), and \(\Gamma_r(x,\underline w)\) is the multiple gamma function originally studied by \textit{E. W. Barnes} [Camb. Trans. 19, 374--425 (1904; JFM 35.0462.01)]. A function \(y(z)\) is called differential algebraic, if it satisfies an equation of the form \[ P(z, y(z), y'(z),\dots, y^{(n)}(z))= 0 \] for some non-zero polynomial \(P\). In the present paper, the authors show the differential algebraicity of \(S_r(x,\underline w)\) for rational \(\underline w\). First they prove that \(S_r(x,(1,\dots,1))\) satisfies an algebraic differential equation over \(\mathbb{C}(x)\). From this they deduce the general result using the theory of differential algebraic function by \textit{A. Ostrowski} [Math. Z. 8, 241--298 (1920; JFM 47.0292.01)].