Formal symplectic groupoid of a deformation quantization (Q2575372)

This paper studies, in the ``formal'' context, the canonical local symplectic groupoid arising from a symplectic realization of a Poisson manifold, and its relation with natural deformation quantizations and Kähler-Poisson manifolds. Recall the following known result: Given a strict symplectic realization \(\Sigma\) of a Poisson manifold \(M\), i.e. a symplectic manifold \(\Sigma\) with \(M\) embedded as a Lagrangian submanifold \(\Lambda=\varepsilon( M) \) via a right inverse \(\varepsilon\) of a surjective Poisson submersion \(s:\Sigma\to M\), there is a canonical local symplectic groupoid over \(M\) defined on a neighborhood of \(\Lambda\) in \(\Sigma\) with \(s\) as the source map. In this paper, the author develops a similar result in the ``formal'' context, by first introducing a ``formal'' version of the concept of a local symplectic groupoid, which by dualizing the spatial objects and properties involved in the definition of a local symplectic groupoid, describes a formal symplectic groupoid over \(M\) in terms of the quotient algebra \(C^{\infty }( \Sigma,\Lambda) :=C^{\infty}( \Sigma) /I_{\Lambda}^{\infty}\) and morphisms between related algebras such as the comultiplication \(m^{\ast}:C^{\infty}( \Sigma,\Lambda) \to C^{\infty}( \Sigma_{2},\Lambda_{2}) \) dual to the multiplication \(m:\Sigma_{2}\to\Sigma\), where \(I_{\Lambda}^{\infty }=\bigcap_{k=1}^{\infty}I_{\Lambda}^{k}\) for the ideal \(I_{\Lambda}\) of smooth functions on \(\Sigma\) vanishing on \(\Lambda\), and \(\Sigma_{2}\subset \Sigma\times\Sigma\) consists of pairs of composable groupoid elements. In terms of local coordinates, we note that \(C^{\infty}( \mathbb{R} ^{n},\mathbb{R}^{k}) \) can be identified with the space \(C^{\infty }( \mathbb{R}^{k}) [ [ x_{k+1},\dots,x_{n}] ] \) of formal power series in \(x_{i}\) with \(k<i\leq n\). The author formulates the formal version of a strict symplectic realization \(\Sigma\) of a Poisson manifold \(M\) as a Poisson morphism \(S:C^{\infty}( M) \to C^{\infty}( \Sigma,\Lambda) \) such that \(ES=\text{id}_{C^{\infty}( M) }\) where \(E:C^{\infty }( \Sigma,\Lambda) \to C^{\infty}( M) \) is the dual mapping of \(\varepsilon\), and shows that for any given formal strict symplectic realization of \(M\) with Poisson morphism \(S\), there exists a formal symplectic groupoid over \(M\) with \(S\) as its source mapping. To each natural deformation quantization in the form of a star-product \(\ast\) on the space \(C^{\infty}( M) [ [ v] ] \) of formal series in \(v\) with \(f\ast g=\sum_{r=0}^{\infty}v^{r}C_{r}( f,g) \) for some bi-differential operators \(C_{r}\) of order not greater than \(r\) on \(M\) such that \(C_{0}( f,g) =fg\) and \(C_{1}( f,g) -C_{1}( g,f) =\{ f,g\} \) for \(f,g\in C^{\infty }( M) \), there is associated a canonical formal symplectic groupoid with \(\Sigma=T^{\ast}M\) and \(M\) embedded as the zero section \(\Lambda=Z\), and the source and target mappings \(S,T:C^{\infty}( M) \to C^{\infty}( T^{\ast}M,Z) \) defined by the (principal) symbols \(S( f) =\sigma( L_{f}) \) and \(T( g) =\sigma( R_{g}) \) of the formal differential operators \(L_{f}\) and \(R_{g}\) which are the left and right \(\ast \)-multiplication operators defined by \(L_{f}( g) =f\ast g=R_{g}( f) \). Finally a unique formal symplectic groupoid `with separation of variables' is constructed for every Kähler-Poisson manifold.