Heteroclinic bifurcations near Hopf-zero bifurcation in reversible vector fields in \(\mathbb R^3\) (Q2575602)

The paper studies the generic dynamics near a Hopf-zero (also called saddle-node Hopf or fold-Hopf) bifurcation at a symmetric equilibrium solution of a \(\mathbb Z_2(R)\)-reversible vector field in \(\mathbb R^3\), where the reversing symmetry \(R\) is such that its fixed-point subspace is one-dimensional. Attention is paid to the case in which the normal form for this bifurcation displays a degenerate family of heteroclinics between two asymmetric saddle-foci. Local perturbations of this degenerate family of heteroclinics within the class of reversible vector fields are treated. The generic existence of hyperbolic basic sets (horseshoes), independent of the eigenvalues of the saddle-foci, as well as cascades of bifurcations of periodic, heteroclinic, and homoclinic orbits are established. It is shown that the results obtained for general dynamical systems can be applied to the Michelson system \[ \begin{aligned} \dot x&=y,\\ \dot y&=z,\\ \dot z&=c^2-\tfrac{1}{2}x^2-y, \end{aligned}\tag{1} \] describing stationary states and travelling waves of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky partial differential equation \[ u_t+uu_x+u_{xx}+u_{xxx}=0. \] Regarding system (1), the results are as follows. Theorem: Consider the Michelson system (1) with parameter \(c\). Then, in every parameter interval \((0,\delta ]\) with \(\delta >0\), there exists for each \(n\in\mathbb Z^+\) countably infinitely many of \(n\)-homoclinic orbits, countably infinitely many of \(n\)-heteroclinic cycles \(n>1\), countably infinitely many of \(n\)-periodic orbits (accumulating to \(n\)-heteroclinic and \(n\)-homoclinic cycles), and countably infinitely many of hyperbolic basic sets (horseshoes).