Topological structures in Colombeau algebras: Investigation of the duals of \(\mathcal G_c(\Omega)\), \(\mathcal G(\Omega)\) and \(\mathcal G_{\mathcal S}(\mathbb R^n)\) (Q2581035)

This paper is the second part of an investigation into the topological aspects of Colombeau algebras and duality theory started in [Acta Appl. Math. 88, No.~1, 81--123 (2005; Zbl 1110.46031)]. The obtained results establish a framework where it is possible to develop the regularity theory for pseudodifferential operators with generalized symbols. Section 1 discusses some examples of elements in the topological duals of the Colombeau algebras \({\mathcal G}_c(\Omega)\), \({\mathcal G}(\Omega)\), \({\mathcal G}_{{\mathcal S}}({\mathbb R}^n)\), with emphasis in the study of the generalized delta functional \(\delta_{\tilde{x}}.\) Some differences between the distributional framework and the Colombeau framework appear when computing the support of the functional \(\delta_{\tilde{x}}\) and after showing the existence of continuous and \(\tilde{{\mathbb C}}\)-linear functionals on \({\mathcal G}(\Omega)\) which are not \(\tilde{{\mathbb C}}\)-linear combinations of \(\delta_0\) and its derivatives. The main result in section 2 is concerned with the representation of \(\delta_{\tilde{x}}\), in the case that \(\tilde{x}\) is a generalized point with compact support, as an integral operator when acting on regular generalized functions. As a consequence, a local integral representation for regular Colombeau generalized functions is also obtained, as well as some global representations involving suitable subalgebras of regular and tempered generalized functions. Section 3 is devoted to obtain continuous embeddings of Colombeau algebras into their topological duals.