Iterated integrals on \(\mathbb{P}^1 \setminus \{0, 1, \infty, z \}\) and a class of relations among multiple zeta values (Q2631937)

Let \(\mathcal{A}_{z}:=\mathbb{Z}\left\langle e_{0}, e_{1}, e_{z}\right\rangle\) (resp., \(\left.\mathcal{A}:=\mathbb{Z}\left\langle e_{0}, e_{1}\right\rangle \subset \mathcal{A}_{z}\right)\) be a non-commutative ring generated by formal symbols \(e_{0}, e_{1}, e_{z}\) (resp. \(e_{0}, e_{1}\) ). One defines the subspaces \(\mathcal{A}_{z}^{0} \subset \mathcal{A}_{z}^{1} \subset\) \(\mathcal{A}_{z}\) and \(\mathcal{A}^{0} \subset \mathcal{A}^{1} \subset \mathcal{A}\) by \[ \mathcal{A}_{z}^{0}:=\mathbb{Z} \oplus \mathbb{Z} e_{z} \oplus \bigoplus_{\substack{a \in\{1, z\} \\ b \in\{0, z\}}} e_{a} \mathcal{A}_{z} e_{b} \] Then for \(z\in\mathbb{C}\setminus[0,1]\) the \(\mathbb{Z}\)-linear map \[ L\left(e_{a_{1}} \cdots e_{a_{m}}\right):=\int_{0<t_{1}<\cdots<t_{m}<1} \prod_{i=1}^{m} \frac{d t_{i}}{t_{i}-a_{i}} \] is defined from \(\mathcal{A}_{z}^0\) to \(\mathbb{C}\). The authors define a class of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-linear relations among these iterated integrals, which arises from the differential structure of the \(L\left(e_{a_{1}} \cdots e_{a_{m}}\right)\) quantities with respect to \(z\). These relations can then be used (upon taking the limit \(z\to1\)) to define a new class of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-linear relations among the multiple zeta values (MZVs). These are called \emph{confluence relations} in the paper. To demonstrate the significance of these relations, it is shown that these confluence relations imply both the regularized double shuffle relations and the duality relations which are the standard relations among MZVs.