Improved Buckley's theorem on locally compact abelian groups (Q2632827)

Let \(G\) be a locally compact abelian group with an inner regular measure \(\mu\) such that \(\mu(K)<\infty\) for all compact subsets \(K\) of \(G\). A collection \(\{U_i\}_{i\in \mathbb{Z}}\) is called a covering family for \(G\) if the following properties hold. (i) \(\{U_i\}_{i\in \mathbb{Z}}\) is an increasing base of relatively compact neighborhoods of 0, \(\bigcup_{i\in\mathbb{Z}}U_i=G\) and \(\bigcap_{i\in\mathbb{Z}}U_i=\{0\}\). (ii) There exists a positive constant \(D\geq 1\) and an increasing function \(\theta: \mathbb{Z}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}\) such that for every \(i\in\mathbb{Z}\) and \(x\in G\), (a) \(i\leq\theta(i)\), (b) \(U_i-U_i\subset U_{\theta(i)}\), (c) \(\mu(x+U_{\theta(i)})\leq D\mu(x+U_i)\). We set \[ \mathcal{B}=\{x+U_i: x\in G, i\in\mathbb{Z}\} \] and we define a direct analogue of Hardy-Littlewood maximal function as follows. \[ Mf(x)=\sup_{x\in U\in\mathcal{B}}\mathcal{I}_U(|f|):=\sup_{x\in U\in\mathcal{B}}\frac{1}{\mu(U)}\int_U|f|\; d\mu, \] where the supremum is taken over the sets \(U\in\mathcal{B}\) with positive measure. A weight \(\omega\) is an \(A_p=A_p(G, d\mu)\) weight if \[ [\omega]_{A_p}:=\sup_{U\in\mathcal{B}}\mathcal{I}_U(\omega)(\mathcal{I}_U(\omega^{1-p^\prime}))^{p-1}<\infty, \] where \(1< p<\infty\) and \(p^\prime\) is the conjugate exponent of \(p\). In the case where \(p=1\), we define \[ [\omega]_{A_1}:=\sup_{U\in\mathcal{B}}\mathcal{I}_U(\omega)\;\hbox{ess sup}_U(\omega^{-1}). \] We also define \[ [\omega]_{A_\infty}:=\sup_{U\in\mathcal{B}}\frac{1}{\omega(U)}\int_UM(\omega\chi_U)\;d\mu, \] where \(\omega(U)=\int_U\omega\;d\mu\). A weight \(\omega\) is in \(A_\infty\) if and only if it satisfies the reverse Holder inequality with exponent \(r>1\); that is, there exists a constant \(C\) such that \[ (\mathcal{I}_U(\omega^r))^{1/r}\leq C\;\mathcal{I}_{\widehat{ U}}(\omega), \] where \(\widehat U\) is an open set defined in terms of \(U\). In this paper, the authors prove a version of the reverse Holder inequality for \(\omega\in A_{\infty}\). They also establish sharp weighted norm inequality for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function \(M\) in \(L^p(G, \omega\;d\mu)\). In fact, they show that (1) for \(\omega\in A_\infty\) and for a fixed \(U= x_0+U_{i_0}\in\mathcal{B}\), the following inequality holds. \[ (\mathcal{I}_U(\omega^{r(\omega)}))^{1/r(\omega)}\leq 2D^2\mathcal{I}_{\widehat U}(\omega), \] where \(\widehat U=\bigcup_{i\leq i_0}(x+U_i)\) and \(r(\omega)=1+\frac{1}{4D^{10}[\omega]_{A_\infty}-1}\). (2) if \(1< p<\infty\), then there exists a structural constant \(C>0\) such that \[ \|M\|_{L^p(\omega)}\leq C\;[\omega]_{A_p}^{1/(p-1)}. \]