Characterizations of operator-valued Hardy spaces and applications to harmonic analysis on quantum tori (Q2634781)

This paper shows that the Poisson kernel used in the definition of operator-valued Hardy spaces introduced by \textit{T. Mei} [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 881 (2007; Zbl 1138.46038)] can be equivalently replaced by any reasonable test functions. Recall that for a von Neumann algebra \(\mathcal{M}\) equipped with a normal semifinite faithful trace \(\tau\), by completing the linear span of positive elements with support projections of finite trace with respect to the norm \(\| x\|_p:=(\tau(| x|^p))^{1/p}\), a noncommutative analogue of the classical \(L^p\)-spaces is obtained, denoted as \(L_p(\mathcal{M})\) and called a noncommutative \(L_p\)-space. For any fixed unit vector \(v\) in a Hilbert space \(H\), the column noncommutative \(L_p\)-space \(L_p(\mathcal{M};H^c)\) is defined as \(L_p(B(H)\overline{\otimes}\mathcal{M}) (p_v\otimes 1_{\mathcal{M}})\), equipped with the norm \(\| f\| _{L_p(\mathcal{M};H^c)}:=\|(f^\ast f)^{\frac {1}{2}}\|_p\), where \(p_v\) is the orthogonal projection onto the one-dimensional span of \(v\). Considering only elements of \(L_1(\mathcal{M};R_d^c) +L_\infty(\mathcal{M};R_d^c)\) where \(R_d\) stands for \(L_2\left(\mathbb R^d,\frac{dt}{1+\| t\|^{d+1}}\right)\), we recall that by definition, elements \(f\) of the column Hardy space \(\mathcal{H}_p^c(\mathbb R^d ,\mathcal{M})\) are characterized by the condition \(\| S^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})} <\infty\) or equivalently \(\| s^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}<\infty\), where \(\mathcal{N}:=L_\infty(\mathbb R^d)\overline{\otimes}\mathcal{M}\) and \(S^c(f)\) and \(s^c(f)\) are transforms of \(f\) involving \(\varepsilon\frac{\partial}{\partial\varepsilon}(P_\varepsilon\ast f)\) with \(P_\varepsilon :=\frac{1}{\varepsilon^d}P(\frac{\cdot}{\varepsilon})\) for all \(\varepsilon >0\) and the Poisson kernel \(P(s):=(\| s\|^2+1)^{-\frac{d+1}{2}}\) normalized by a suitable factor \(c_d\). In this paper, for \(1\leq p<\infty\), the authors show that replacing the above two conditions by any of the conditions \(\| S_\Phi^c(f) \|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}<\infty\) and \(\| s_\Phi^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}<\infty\) results in the same column Hardy space \(\mathcal{H}_p^c(\mathbb R^d,\mathcal{M})\) and the norms \(\| S_\Phi^c(f)\|_{L_p\left(\mathcal{N}\right)}\) and \(\| s_\Phi^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}\) of \(f\) are equivalent to the norms \(\| S^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}\) and \(\| s^c(f)\|_{L_p(\mathcal{N})}\) of \(f\), where \(\Phi\) is a Schwartz function on \(\mathbb R^d\) with a vanishing mean and \(\widehat{\Phi}\) not vanishing radially, and \(S_\Phi^c(f)\) and \(s_\Phi^c(f)\) are transforms of \(f\) defined in the same way as \(S^c(f)\) and \(s^c(f)\), respectively with \(\varepsilon\frac{\partial}{\partial\varepsilon}(P_\varepsilon\ast f)\) replaced by \(\Phi_\varepsilon\ast f\). Similar statements are shown to hold for concrete discrete versions of the transforms \(S_\Phi^c(f)\) and \(s_\Phi^c(f)\). For the non-Schwartz test function \(\Phi:=I^\alpha (P)\) with \(I^\alpha =(\frac{-\Delta}{4\pi^{2}}) ^{\alpha/2}\) the Riesz potential of order \(\alpha >0\), similar result holds for \(s_\Phi^c(f)\). Finally, the Hardy spaces for quantum tori are described as an application.