Persistent centers of complex systems (Q2637614)

The authors extend the concepts of persistent and weakly persistent centers, originally formulated for real planar systems of ordinary differential equations, to systems of the form \[ \dot x = i x + F(x, y),\quad\dot y = -i y + G(x, y)\text{ on }{\mathbb C}^2, \] which contain the natural complexification of any real system with a nondegenerate center at the origin. They derive various results in the complex case and connect persistence of a real family with that of its complexification. Notable among their results for complex systems is the characterization of persistent centers for complex systems for which \(F\) and \(G\) are sums of polynomials of degrees two and three.