Exact stability regions for quartic polynomials (Q2641605)

Necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of determinants are known for all roots of a real polynomial to have absolute values less than 1 [\textit{R. J. Duffin}, SIAM Rev. 11, 196--213 (1969; Zbl 0175.09801)]. Such conditions describe a region, namely stability region, which is determined explicitly for quadratic and cubic polynomials, already. The aim of present paper is to describe the stability region for quartic polynomials, explicitly; all roots of \(\lambda^4+a\lambda^3+b\lambda^2+c\lambda+d\) with \(a,b,c,d\in\mathbb{R}\) have absolute values less than 1 if and only if \[ | d| <1,\quad | a| <d+3,\quad a+b+c+d>-1, \] \[ -a+b-c+d>-1\text{ and } (1-d)^2b<-c^2+a(1+d)c+(1+d)(1-d)^2-a^2d. \] The proof is elementary and based on some lemmas and considering various cases of coefficients.