On the Frobenius functor for symmetric tensor categories in positive characteristic (Q2661309)

Let \(p\) be a prime number. When \(G\) is an algebraic \(\mathbb{F}_p\)-group, the map \(x\mapsto x^P\) is an algebra endomorphism of \(\mathbb{F}_p[G]\) and defines a group morphism \(F_G\colon G\to G\). This construction may be extended as follows. Let \(\Bbbk\) be a perfect field of characteristic \(p\). For each (unital) \(\Bbbk\)-algebra \(A\) and each integer \(n\in\mathbb{Z}\), let \(A^{(n)}\) be the \(\Bbbk\)-algebra whose underlying ring coincides with that of \(A\) and where each \(b\in\Bbbk\) acts as \(b^{p^{-n}}\) does on \(A\). (This provides an automorphism \((-)^{(n)}\) of the category of \(\Bbbk\)-algebras with \((-)^{(-n)}\) as its inverse.) For each integers \(m\in\mathbb{Z}\) and \(r\in\mathbb{N}\), \(\gamma_r\colon A^{(m)}\to A^{(m-r)}\), \(a\mapsto a^{p^{r}}\) is a homomorphism of \(\Bbbk\)-algebras. Now let \(F\) be a functor from the category of \(\Bbbk\)-algebras into that of sets. For each \(r\in\mathbb{N}\), let \(F^{(r)}\) be the functor from \(\Bbbk\)-algebras to sets which acts on an algebra \(A\) as \(F^{(r)}(A):=F(A^{(-r)})\). For each \(r\in\mathbb{N}\), one has a natural transformation Frob\(^r_X\colon X\Rightarrow X^{(r)}\) given by Frob\(^r_X(A):=F(\gamma_r)\colon F(A)\to F^{(r)}(A)\) for each \(\Bbbk\)-algebra \(A\), which is referred to as the ``\(r\)th Frobenius morphism on \(F\)''. When \(G\) is a \(\Bbbk\)-group functor, then so is \(G{(r)}\) and Frob\(^r_G\colon G\Rightarrow G^{(r)}\) is a morphism of \(\Bbbk\)-group functors. \(G^{(1)}\) is referred to as the ``Frobenius twist'' of \(G\). When furthermore \(G\) is an affine group scheme, \(Frob^1_G\) induces the ``Frobenius twist'' functor \(\mathrm{Rep}(G^{(1)})\to\mathrm{Rep}(G)\) between the corresponding representation categories. The authors develop a notion of Frobenius functors for more general tensor categories that \(Rep(G)\), namely for arbitrary symmetric tensor categories over a field of characteristic \(p\) (that is, an artinian category over \(\Bbbk\) which is also a rigid monoidal category and whose endomorphism algebra of the unit objet is \(\Bbbk\)). The authors extend an existing notion of Frobenius functors to non-semisimple categories and they study some of its properties. They in particular introduce and characterize a notion of Frobenius exact categories, that is, those categories on which the Frobenius functor is exact.