Suppression of blow-up in Patlak-Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system via the Couette flow (Q2662509)

This paper deals with the global-in-time existence of solutions of a two-dimensional full Patlak-Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system \[\begin{cases} \partial_t n+v\cdot \nabla n=\Delta n-\nabla\cdot(n\nabla c),\\ \varepsilon(\partial_tc+v\cdot\nabla c)=\Delta c+n-c,\\ \partial_tv+v\cdot\nabla v+\nabla p=\Delta v+\left(\begin{matrix} 0\\ n \end{matrix} \right),\\ \nabla\cdot v=0, \end{cases}\qquad t>0,\ (x,y)\in\mathbb T\times \mathbb R \] with initial conditions \((n,\varepsilon c,v)|_{t=0}=(n_{in},\varepsilon c_{in},v_{in})\). Both a parabolic-parabolic case (\(\varepsilon=1\)) and the parabolic-elliptic case (\(\varepsilon=0\)) are investigated. Solvability is approached through considering perturbations \((n,c,u)=(n,c,v-U)\) of the stationary solutions of the form \((0,0,U)\) with the Couette flow \(U(y)=\left(\begin{matrix} Ay\\ 0 \end{matrix} \right)\), \(A>0\) a constant. Global existence is proved for all \(A>\bar A\), where \(\bar A\) is a constant which depends on certain norms of the initial values and their derivatives. In the parabolic-parabolic case, an additional smallness assumption on \(\nabla c_{in}\) has to be imposed, while no such condition is needed in the parabolic-elliptic case. Importantly, no smallness of the mass \(M:=\|n\|_{L^1}\) is necessary, meaning that a sufficiently strong flow (i.e. large enough \(A\)) precludes a blow-up which is typical for the classical two-dimensional Patlak-Keller-Segel system for large \(M\).