Chain recurrence and average shadowing in dynamics (Q2665274)
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English | Chain recurrence and average shadowing in dynamics |
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Chain recurrence and average shadowing in dynamics (English)
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18 November 2021
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The authors study the chain recurrence and the shadowing property for spherical linear transformations and for bounded linear operators on Banach spaces. More precisely, for a matrix \(A \in \mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{R})\), the spherical linear transformation induced by \(A\) is the map \[ \phi_A : x \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1} \mapsto \frac{Ax}{\|Ax\|} \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1} ,\] where \(n \geq 2\) and \(\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\) denotes the unit sphere of the euclidean space \(\mathbb{R}^n\). The first result states that \(\phi_A\) is chain recurrent if and only if the absolute values of the complex eigenvalues of \(A\) are all equal. Moreover, an invertible bilateral weighted backward shift \(B_w\) on the spaces \(\ell_p(\mathbb{Z})\) (\(1 \leq p < \infty\)) and \(c_0(\mathbb{Z})\) is chain recurrent if and only if \[ \sum_{i=1}^\infty \frac{1}{|w_{-n}\cdots w_{-1}|} = \infty \hbox{ and } \sum_{i=1}^\infty |w_1 \cdots w_n| = \infty. \] Finally, they show that an invertible bounded linear operator \(A\) on a Banach space \(X\) is hyperbolic if and only if it is average expansive and has the average shadowing property.
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pseudotrajectories
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chain recurrence
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shadowing properties
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spherical linear transformations
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linear operators
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weighted shifts
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