A nonsmooth van der Pol-Duffing oscillator. I: The sum of indices of equilibria is \(-1\) (Q2669202)

When the sum of indices of equilibria is $-1$ for a nonsmooth van der Pol-Duffing oscillator, the authors prove that the bifurcation diagram includes a Hopf bifurcation surface, a pitchfork bifurcation surface and a heteroclinic bifurcation surface. It is shown the bifurcation diagrams of these two systems (nonsmooth and smooth) are similar but all global phase portraits in the Poincaré disc are different. The work is very interesting.