Weighted \(L^p\)-boundedness of convolution type integral operators associated with bilinear estimates in the Sobolev spaces (Q267147)

The main goal of the paper is to investigate non-negative continuous weight functions \(w_i\), \(i=0,1,2\), for which the trilinear estimate \[ \int_{\mathbb R^n}\int_{\mathbb R^n} w_0(|x+y|)w_1(|x|)w_2(|y|)|f(x+y)g(x)h(y)|dxdy\leq M \| f\|_{L^p}\| g\|_{L^{p'}}\| h\|_{L^{p'}} \] holds for all \(f\in L^p(\mathbb R^n)\), \(g,h\in L^{p'}(\mathbb R^n)\) with \(2\leq p<\infty\), and with the constant \(M\) depending on the weights \(w_i\). The motivation for the problem comes from the well-known fact that for \(s>n/2\) the Sobolev space \(H^s(\mathbb R^n)=(1-\Delta)^{-s/2}L^2(\mathbb R^n)\) forms an algebra with the bilinear estimate \(\| uv\|_{H^s}\leq \| u\|_{H^s}\| v\|_{H^s}\). This estimate can be equivalently formulated in terms of the Fourier transform as \(\|\omega(\hat u\ast\hat v)\|_{L^2}\leq C \|\omega\hat u\|_{L^2}\|\omega\hat v\|_{L^2}\) with \(\omega(\xi)=(1+|\xi|^2)^{s/2}\) or \(\|\omega((\frac{\hat u}\omega)\ast(\frac{\hat v}\omega))\|_{L^2}\leq C\|\hat u\|_{L^2}\|\hat v\|_{L^2}\), which, using a duality argument and a change of variables, leads in turn to the equivalent weighted trilinear estimate \[ \left|\int_{\mathbb R^n}\int_{\mathbb R^n}\omega(\xi+\eta)\frac1{\omega(\xi)}\frac1{\omega(\eta)}\hat u(\xi)\hat v(\eta)\hat w(\xi+\eta)d\eta d\xi\right| \leq C\|\hat u\|_{L^2}\|\hat v\|_{L^2}\|\hat w\|_{L^2}. \] The optimality of the condition for the weights \(w_i\) is studied as well.