Sub-convexity bound for \(\mathrm{GL}(3) \times \mathrm{GL}(2)\) \(L\)-functions: the depth aspect (Q2672669)

Let \(\pi\) be a Hecke-Maass cusp form for \(\mathrm{SL}(3,\mathbb{Z})\) with the normalised Fourier coefficients \(A(n, k)\), \(f\) be a holomorphic Hecke cusp form for \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})\) and \(\chi\) be a primitive Dirichlet character of prime power modulus \(R=p^r\), \(r \geq 3\). The Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-series associated to the above objects is defined for \(\mathrm{Re}(s)>1\) by \[L(s,\pi \times f \times \chi)=\sum_{n\geq 1}\sum_{k\geq 1}\frac{A(n,k)\lambda_f(n)\chi(nk^2)}{(nk^2)^s}.\] It is well known that the above series extends to an entire function to the whole complex plane \(\mathbb{C}\) and satisfies a functional equation relating \(s\) and \(1-s\). By the Phragman-Lindelöf principle, we have \[ L\left(\frac{1}{2},\pi \times f \times \chi\right)\ll_{f, \pi, \varepsilon} R^{3/2+\varepsilon}.\] Breaking the convexity barrier \(\frac{3}{2}\) in the above estimate is difficult and has remained open so far. In the paper under review, the authors succeed to overcome the difficulty and prove the following \[ L\left(\frac{1}{2},\pi \times f \times \chi\right)\ll_{f, \pi, \varepsilon} R^{3/2 - 3/20+\varepsilon}.\]