Extension of Laguerre polynomials with negative arguments. II (Q2673091)

The authors agian study the irreducibility of the generalized Laguerre polynomial \[ g(x)=(-1)^nL_n^{(-n-s-1)}(x)=\sum_{j]=0}^n\,a_j\,\frac{x^j}{j!}=\sum_{j=0}^n\,\binom{n+s-j}{n-j}\frac{x^j}{j!}, \] and its `companion' \[ G(x,n,s)=\sum_{j=0}^n\,\pi_j\,\frac{x^j}{j!}\hbox{ where }\pi_j=b_ja_j \] such that \(b_j\in\mathbb{Z}\) for \(0\leq j\leq n\) with \(|b_0|=1,|b_n|=1\). For \(k\geq 1\) the term `\textit{we have \((n,k,s)\)}' is used if \(G(x,n,s)\) has a factor of degree \(k\) and `\textit{we do not have \((n,k,s)\)}' if \(G(x,n,s)\) has no factor of degree \(k\). In the first part of this paper [Indag. Math., New Ser. 33, No. 4, 801--815 (2022; Zbl 1497.33014)], the authors proved for \(n\geq 0\) and \(0\leq s\leq 92\) that except for fintely many pairs \((n,s)\) the function \(G_1(x)=n! G(x,n,s)\) is either irreducible or a linear factor times an irreducible polynomial. In this paper their main result is an explicit list of these pairs for \(s\leq 30\), giving a new proof of a result by \textit{S. G. Nair} and \textit{T. N. Shorey} [Indag. Math., New Ser. 26, No. 4, 615--625 (2015; Zbl 1369.12004)]. Theorem 1. Let \(n\geq 2,\,s\leq 30\) and \(G_1(x,2,7)\not = x^2 -36\). Assume that \(G_1(x)=G_1(x,n,s)\) is divisible by a linear factor and \[ (n,k,s)\not\in \{(4,2,7)<(4,2,23),(9,2,19),(16,2,14),(16,3,19),(10,5,4)\}. \] Then \((n,s)\in X\), where \[ \begin{matrix}X=\{(6,3),(4,5),(8,11),(72,11),(3,15),(10,15),(4,15),(12,15),(8,15),\\ \qquad\qquad (16,17),(272,17),(8,27),(16,29),(786600,25),(786600,26)\}.\end{matrix} \]