Weak-type lower bounds for high-dimensional Hardy-Littlewood maximal operators on certain measures via averaging operators (Q2675955)

In this paper, the author studies the behavior of the averaging operators given by the radial density \(d \mu(x)=|x|^{-\alpha d} d x\). It is shown that the weak \((p, p)\) bounds grow exponentially with the dimension \(d\). As a consequence, the corresponding results follow for the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. To be more precise, for a fixed \(r>0\), the averaging operator acting on a locally integrable function \(f\) is defined by \[ A_{r, \mu} f(x):=\frac{1}{\mu(B(x, r))} \int_{B(x, r)} f(y) d \mu(y). \] Then, the main results are as follows: Theorem. Fix \(0<\alpha<1\) and \(1 \leq p<\infty\) satisfying \((1-2 \alpha) p \leq 1-\alpha\). Let \(\mu\) be the measure on \(\mathbb{R}^d\) defined by \(d \mu(x)=d x /|x|^{\alpha d}\). Let \(\zeta_{p, d, \mu}\) be the best constant for the weak \((p, p)\) inequality satisfied by all averaging operators in this measure space. Then, there exist \(c(\alpha, p)>0\) and \(K(\alpha, p)>1\), independent of \(d\), such that \[ \zeta_{p, d, \mu} \geq \frac{c(\alpha, p)}{d} K(\alpha, p)^{d-1} \quad \text { for all } d \geq 3. \] As a corollary, it is proved that for any \(0<\alpha<1\) and \(1 \leq p<\infty\) such that \((1-2 \alpha) p<1-\alpha\) there is a lower bound for \(c_{p, d, \mu}\) which is exponential with \(d\). This implies that if \(\alpha \in[1 / 2,1)\) and \(1 \leq p<\infty\), \(c_{p, d, \mu}\) grows exponentially with \(d\). Besides, if \(0<\alpha<1 / 2\) and \(1 \leq p<(1-\alpha) /(1-2 \alpha)\), \(c_{p, d, \mu}\) also grows exponentially in \(d\). Corollary. Fix \(0<\alpha<1\) and \(1 \leq p<\infty\) satisfying \((1-2 \alpha) p \leq 1-\alpha\). Let \(\mu\) be the measure on \(\mathbb{R}^d\) defined by \(d \mu(x)=d x /|x|^{\alpha d}\). Let \(c_{p, d, \mu}\) be the best constant for the weak \((p, p)\) inequality for \(M_\mu\). Then, there exist \(c(\alpha, p)>0\) and \(K(\alpha, p)>1\), independent of \(d\), such that \[ c_{p, d, \mu} \geq \frac{c(\alpha, p)}{d} K(\alpha, p)^{d-1}, \quad \text { for all } d \geq 3. \]