Special cases and equivalent forms of Katznelson's problem on recurrence (Q2679709)

In this paper, the author deals with a problem raised by \textit{Y. Katznelson} in [Combinatorica 21, No. 2, 211--219 (2001; Zbl 0981.05038)]. The basic motivation of this work is a couple of conjectures: {Conjecture 1.} Let \(G\) be a countable infinite abelian group. If \(S\subseteq G\) is a set of Bohr recurrence, then \(S\) is a set of chromatic recurrence. {Conjecture 2.} If \(S\subseteq \Delta_2(\mathcal{E}_1)\) is a set of Bohr recurrence in \(\mathbb{Z}^\omega\), then \(S\) is a set of chromatic recurrence. Here, for a subset of \(G\), we write \(\Delta_2(A)\) for the set \(\{(a - b) - (c - d) : a, b, c, d \in A \text{\, are mutually distinct}\}\), \(\mathcal{E}_1\) for \(\{e_j : j \in \mathbb{N}\}\), while \(\mathbb{Z}^\omega\) denotes the direct sum of countably many copies of \(\mathbb{Z}\) with the usual presentation: elements of \(\mathbb{Z}^\omega\) are sequences \((n_1, n_2, n_3, \dots)\) of integers where \(n_j = 0\) for all but finitely many \(j\). The main results in this paper are: (1) Let \(G\) be a countable abelian group and \(E\subseteq G\) be an \(I_0\) set ( \(E\) is an \(I_0\) set if for every bounded \(f : E \to \mathbb{C}\), there is an almost periodic \(\psi : G \to \mathbb{C}\) such that \(\psi |_{E} = f\)). If \(S\subseteq E-E\) is a set of Bohr recurrence, then \(S\) is a set of chromatic recurrence; (2) Conjecture 2 implies Conjecture 1.