On subspaces of \(L_p\) and Jordan-von Neumann constant (Q2749009)

Let \(X\) be a Banach space. The constant NEWLINE\[NEWLINEC_{NJ}(X)= \sup\Biggl\{{\|x+ y\|^2+\|x- y\|^2\over 2(\|x\|^2+\|y\|^2)}: x,y\in X, \|x\|+\|y\|> 0\Biggr\}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE is said to be the Jordan-von Neumann constant. Let \(\widetilde C_{NJ}\) be the infimum of all the Jordan-von Neumann constants of equivalent norms to the original one on \(X\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe following two results are representative.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE(1) Let \(1\leq t\leq 2\) and suppose that \(X\) is a subspace of \(L_1\). Then \(\widetilde C_{NJ}= 2^{(2/t)-1}\) if and only if \(t= \sup\{r: X\) is a subspace of \(L_r\), \(1\leq r\leq 2\}\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE(2) Let \(2< p< \infty\). Assume that \(X\) is a subspace of \(L_p\). Let \(\widetilde C_{NJ}< 2^{(2/p')- 1}\), where \({1\over p}+{1\over p'}= 1\). Then \(X\) is isomorphic to a Hilbert space.