Symplectic and Poisson geometry on loop spaces of smooth manifolds and integrable equations (Q2769573)

In this survey, Hamiltonian geometry of integrable partial differential equations and its connection with the theory of infinite-dimensional symplectic and Poisson structures (more precisely, symplectic and Poisson structures on loop spaces of smooth manifolds) are showed. This type of structures plays an important role in several problems of mathematical physics and field theory.NEWLINENEWLINEThe review is organized as follows. In chapter 2 basic notions about symplectic and Poisson structures on loop spaces of smooth manifolds are introduced. Moreover, the author studies the case of homogeneous symplectic structures of the first order (respectively, the second order) on loop spaces of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds (respectively, of almost symplectic manifolds). In the case of homogeneous symplectic structures of the first order, the question of reductions of a symplectic form on a loop space to a finite-dimensional symplectic manifold is analyzed.NEWLINENEWLINEIn chapter 3, cohomology groups of complexes of homogeneous forms on loop spaces of smooth manifolds are introduced. In chapter 4, the author considers multidimensional systems of hydrodynamic type, i.e., multidimensional evolution quasilinear systems of first-order partial differential equations. So, several aspects related with the theory of Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type are presented: Riemannian geometry of multidimensional local Poisson structures of hydrodynamic type, homogeneous and non-homogeneous Hamiltonian systems of hydrodynamic type, non-local non-homogeneous Poisson brackets of hydrodinamic type etc.NEWLINENEWLINE Finally, chapter 5 is devoted to the applications of this theory to equations of associativity in two dimensional topological field theory.