Hadamard and Dragomir-Agarwal inequalities, higher-order convexity and the Euler formula (Q2770403)

This paper contains a number of consequences of a quadrature formula due to L. Euler. For example, if \(f\in C^{2r}([a,b]),\) and \(f^{(2r)}\) is convex, then \(f\) verifies the following higher order analogue of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality: NEWLINE\[NEWLINE (b-a)^{2r}\frac{|B_{2r}|}{(2r)!}f^{(2r)}\left( \frac{a+b}{2}\right) \leq I_{r}\leq (b-a)^{2r}\frac{|B_{2r}|}{(2r)!} \frac{f^{(2r)}(a)+f^{(2r)}(b)}{2}, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(B_{k}\) are the Bernoulli's numbers and NEWLINE\[NEWLINE I_{r} = (-1)^{r}\left\{\frac{1}{b-a}\int_{a}^{b}f(x)dx-\frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2} +\sum_{k=1}^{r-1}\frac{(b-a)^{2k-1}B_{2k}}{(2k)!}\left[ f^{(2k-1)}(a)-f^{(2k-1)}(a)\right]\right\}. NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The paper includes also estimates for \(I_{r}\) when \(\left|f^{(2r)}\right|^{q}\) is convex for some \(q\geq 1,\) as well as estimates of the error in the trapezoidal formula.