Group classification of nonlinear Schrödinger equations (Q2784872)

The goal of the paper is to perform the group classification of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation NEWLINE\[NEWLINEi\psi_t+\Delta \psi +F(\psi,\psi^*)=0\tag{1}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE for a complex-valued field \(\psi =\psi(t,x)\), \(t\in \mathbb R\), \(x\in \mathbb R^n\). In this equation the function \(F:\mathbb C\times \mathbb C \mapsto \mathbb C\) is regarded as an ``arbitrary element''. The authors' approach is based on the following idea. Applying the invariance criterion of the equation (1) with respect to the infinitesimal operator \(Q=\xi^0\partial_t+\xi^a\partial _{x_a}+\eta \partial_\psi +\eta^*\partial _{\psi^*}\) whose coefficients depend on variables \(t,x_a,\psi,\psi^*\), they obtain a system of determining equations which include the so-called classifying condition NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\eta F_\psi +\eta^*F_{\psi^*}+(\xi^0_t-\eta_\psi)F+ i\eta_t+\eta _{x_ax_a}=0.NEWLINE\]NEWLINE Fist the kernel of basic invariance groups for (1) with arbitrary \(F\) is found. Next all possible cases of extensions of maximal invariance algebra due to special choices of the function \(F\) are analyzed. The corresponding classification is performed modulo equivalence transformations of (1). The important particular case where \(F(\psi,\psi^*)=f(|\psi |)\psi \) is considered in detail.