An indirect method of nonconvex variational problems in Asplund spaces: the case for saturated measure spaces (Q2810062)

There are two interesting main points of this paper - first, it gives an existence proof of solutions of general nonconvex isoperimetric variational problems using the indirect method in connection with Euler - Lagrange inclusion and Fenchel conjugation, and second, all this is done as remarkable contribution to the story of Lyapunov convexity theorem (originally:[\textit{A. Liapounoff}, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 4, 465--478 (1940; Zbl 0024.38504)] ) in the infinite dimensional setting. The paper starts with a worth reading overview on direct and indirect solution methods for variational problems up to such problems with integral constraints in Banach spaces. Then it is sketched, how saturated vector measures and Asplund spaces (together with their duals) admit contact to convexity results of Lyapunov type and finally to existence results. Chapter two is devoted to saturated measure spaces (vector measures, atoms, nonatomicity, control), Radon-Nikodym property, Asplund spaces, integration of multifunctions and characterization of the saturation property. The main chapter three is firstly devoted to Fenchel conjugation without convexity and to normal integrands (measurability and lsc properties), and to applications to the generalized isoperimetric problem NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\int_T \varphi(t,f(t))\text{d}\mu \rightarrow \text{min} \quad \text{s.t.} \quad \int_T f(t)\text{d}\mu = xNEWLINE\]NEWLINE (where \(f\in L_1(\mu,X)\)) and to the value function \(V_{\varphi}:X\rightarrow \overline {\mathbb{R}}\) belonging to the variational problem. Then proofs of results of the following kind are given (using some lemmas, proven in the appendices): If \(p \in \partial V_{\varphi}\), then \(f\) is a solution of the variational problem iff \(p\) and \(f\) fulfil the Euler-Lagrange inclusion. Main theorem of the paper: If all the assumptions as saturated finite measure space, separable Asplund space \(X\), normal integrand \(\varphi (t,f(t))\) in the variational problem with inf-w-compactness of \(\varphi_t\) are fulfilled, then, if intersection \(\partial V_{\varphi}(x)\cap \text{int}(\text{dom} V_{\varphi}^*)\) is nonempty, there is a solution \(f\) of the variational problem. \(x\in X\) is the vector in the side condition of the variational problem. Especially interesting: Under conditions weaker than in the main theorem the value function \( V_{\varphi}\) is convex (remember Lyapunov theorem).The main theorem holds without the inf-w-compactness condition if \(x\) (the right side of the side condition) is in the dual of a separable Asplund space.