Comparison of the categories of motives defined by Voevodsky and Nori (Q2828664)

This manuscript is the author's PhD Thesis and contains a very interesting comparison between two different approaches to the construction of an abelian category \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}(k)\) of mixed motives over a field \(k\), as conjectured by Grothendieck. All motives \(M(X)\) associated to a variety \(X\) should be part of this abelian tensor category \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}(k)\) and every suitable cohomology functor \({\mathcal V}\to{\mathcal A}\) into an abelian category \({\mathcal A}\) should factor over a realization functor \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}(k)\to{\mathcal A}\).NEWLINENEWLINE The first construction, due to V. Voevodsky is geometric and produces a tensor triangulated category \(DM(k,R)\) over \(k\) with coefficients in a ring \(R\), and with a \(t\)-structure such that \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}(k)\) should be its heart. On the other side M. Nori defined an abelian tensor category \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k, R)\) which is of a more combinatorial nature, being induced by representations of quivers via singular cohomology and is a direct candidate for \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}(k)\). The main results are the followingNEWLINENEWLINE Theorem 1. Let \(k\subseteq\mathbb{C}\) and let \(R\) be a field or a Dedekind domain. There exists a contravariant triangulated tensor functor NEWLINE\[NEWLINEC: DM_{\mathrm{gm}}(k, R)\to D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k, R))NEWLINE\]NEWLINE between Voevodky's geometric motives, and the derived Nori motives. The functor \(C^{\mathrm{eff}}\) on the category \(DM^{\mathrm{eff}}_{\mathrm{gm}}(k, R)\) of effective geometrical motives sends the motive \(R_{DM}(1)\) to the Lefschetz motive \(R_{\mathrm{Nori}}(-1)[0]\). The functor \(C\) calculates singular cohomology \(H_{\mathrm{sing}}\) in the following sense: if \(\omega_{\mathrm{sing}}:{\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}^{\mathrm{eff}}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k, R)\to(R- \text{Mod})\) is the forgetful fibre functor of Nori motives, then there is a natural isomorphism NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\omega_{\mathrm{sing}}(H^n(C(X)[0]))\simeq H^n_{\mathrm{sing}}(X^{\mathrm{an}},R)NEWLINE\]NEWLINE for all smooth varieties over \(k\). Furthermore the diagram NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{tikzcd} DM^{\mathrm{eff}}_{\mathrm{gm}}(k,R) \arrow[r, "C^{\mathrm{eff}}"] \arrow[d, "-(0)"] & D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}^{\mathrm{eff}}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k,R)) \arrow[r, "\omega_{\mathrm{sing}}"] \arrow[d, "-(0)"] & D^b(R-\text{Mod}) \arrow[d, "="]\\ DM_{\mathrm{gm}}(k,R) \arrow[r, "C"] & D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{\mathrm{Nori}}) \arrow[r, "\omega_{\mathrm{sing}}"] & D^b(R-\text{Mod})\end{tikzcd}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE commutes.NEWLINENEWLINE The author's approach extends M. Nori's original suggestion on how to construct a functor \(DM^{\mathrm{eff}}(k,\mathbb{Z})\to D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}^{\mathrm{eff}}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k,\mathbb{Z})\), which in particular implies the difficulty of passing from the case of a single finite correspondence between smooth affine varieties to the general case.NEWLINENEWLINE Furthermore the following theorem provides a comparison between the Betti realization defined before and the similar constructions involving the absolute Hodge motives and the rational mixed Hodge structures.NEWLINENEWLINE Theorem 2. If \(R=\mathbb{Q}\) and \(k\subset\mathbb{C}\) then the Betti realization \(H_{\mathrm{sing}}(\mathbb{Q}): DM_{\mathrm{gm}}(k,\mathbb{Q})\to D^b(\mathbb{Q}- \text{Mod})\) factors as NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{multlined} DM_{\mathrm{gm}}(k,\mathbb{Q})\to D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{\mathrm{Nori}}(k,\mathbb{Q}))\to D^b({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{AH})\to\\ \to{\mathcal D}_{{\mathcal M}{\mathcal R}}\to D^b(MSH(\mathbb{Q}))\to D^b(\mathbb{Q}-\text{Mod}),\end{multlined}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE whereNEWLINENEWLINE \(\bullet\) \({\mathcal M}{\mathcal M}_{AH}\) are the absolute Hodge motives of Deligne and Janssen,NEWLINENEWLINE \(\bullet\) \({\mathcal D}_{{\mathcal M}{\mathcal R}}\) are the derived mixed realization constructed by A. Huber,NEWLINENEWLINE \(\bullet\) \(MHS(\mathbb{Q})\) are the rational mixed Hodge structures.