Crossed product extensions of spectral triples (Q283231)

This paper proposes a general framework and process of extending a spectral triple \(\left( A,H,D\right) \) for a \(G\)-invariant dense \(*\)-subalgebra \(A\) of a \(C^*\)-algebra \(\mathfrak{A}\) to a modular-type twisted spectral triple \(\left( \mathcal{B},\mathcal{H},\mathcal{D},\beta\right) \) for a given dense \(*\)-subalgebra \(\mathcal{B}\subset C_{c}\left( G,A\right) \) of the (reduced) crossed product \(C^*\)-algebra \(G\ltimes_{\alpha,\mathrm{red}}\mathfrak{A}\), where \(\left( \mathfrak{A},G,\alpha\right) \) is a \(C^*\)-dynamical system with a locally compact Hausdorff group \(G\) acting on a \(C^*\)-algebra \(\mathfrak{A}\). More precisely, the framework assumes that the \(C^*\)-dynamical system \(\left( \mathfrak{A},G,\alpha\right) \) has a faithful covariant representation \(\rho:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathcal{B}\left( H\right) \) together with \(U:G\rightarrow\mathcal{U}\left( H\right) \) on a Hilbert space \(H\), and there exists a continuous \(\alpha\)-one-cocycle \(p\) on \(G\) with values in the group \(Z\left( A\right) ^{\times}\) of invertible elements of the center \(Z\left( A\right) \) of \(A\) such that \(p\left( \cdot\right) ^{\pm 1}\mathcal{B}\subset\mathcal{B}\) and \(\rho\left( p\left( r\right) \right) =z\left( r\right) z\left( r\right) ^{\ast}\) for \(z\left( r\right) \in\mathcal{B}\left( H\right) ^{\times}\) with \(U_{r}DU_{r}^{\ast}=z\left( r\right) ^{\ast-1}Dz\left( r\right) ^{-1}\) on a dense common core for any \(r\in G\). It is also technically assumed that (1) for some \(\omega \in\mathbb{R}\), the set \(\widehat{Y}\) consisting of all \(\hat{\xi} \in\widehat{H}:=L^{2}\left( G,d\mu\right) \otimes H\) with \(\hat{\xi}\left( r\right) \in \mathrm{dom}\left( D\right) \) \(d\mu\)-a.e. and \(\left\| \left( D\pm i\omega\left( \rho\circ p\right) \right) \hat{\xi}\left( \cdot\right) \right\| _{H}\in L^{2}\left( G\right) \) contains a subspace \(Y_{\mathcal{B}}\) dense in \(\widehat{H}\) such that \(\widehat{\rho}\left( \mathcal{B}\right) Y_{\mathcal{B}}\subset\widehat{Y}\) for the left regular representation \(\widehat{\rho}\) of \(G\ltimes_{\alpha,\mathrm{red}}\mathfrak{A}\) determined by \(\rho\), and (2) the function \(\left\| \left[ D,\left( \left( \rho\circ f\right) z\right) \left( \cdot\right) \right] z\left( \cdot\right) ^{-1}\right\| _{\mathcal{B}\left( H\right) }\) on \(G\) is bounded above by a constant multiple of the characteristic function of the compact support of \(f\) for each \(f\in\mathcal{B}\). Under the above assumptions, a modular-type twisted spectral triple \(\left( \mathcal{B},\mathcal{H},\mathcal{D},\beta\right) \) is constructed with the algebra \(\mathcal{B}\) acting on the Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}:=\widehat{H} \otimes\mathbb{C}^{2}\) by \(\pi:=\widehat{\rho}\otimes id_{\mathbb{C}^{2}}\), and the operator \(\mathcal{D}:=\widehat{D}\otimes\gamma^{1}+\left( \eta+\omega\widehat{\theta}\right) \otimes\gamma^{2}\) for the self-adjoint Pauli matrices \(\gamma^{1},\gamma^{2}\) on \(\mathbb{C}^{2}\) and \(\eta,\omega \in\mathbb{R}\) with \(\omega\neq0\), where \(\widehat{\theta}\) is an unbounded operator on \(\widehat{H}\) suitably defined by \(\left( \widehat{\theta}\left( \widehat{\xi}\right) \right) \left( r\right) :=U_{r}^{\ast}\rho\left( p\left( r\right) \right) U_{r}\widehat{\xi}\left( r\right) \) and \(\beta\) is the automorphism of \(\mathcal{B}\subset C_{c}\left( G,A\right) \) given by the multiplication by \(p\). The modular-type condition is formulated in the way that \(\Theta\pi\left( a\right) \left( 1+\mathcal{D}^{2}\right) ^{-c}\) is a compact operator and \(\pi\left( \beta\left( a\right) \right) =\Theta \pi\left( a\right) \Theta^{-1}\) for all \(a\in\mathcal{B}\) and \(c>1/2\), where \(\Theta:=\widehat{\theta}\otimes1\). A variant of this program is also given for the case where \(\rho\) is the GNS-representation associated with a weight. Special attention is given to the case of the crossed product \(G\ltimes C_{\mathrm{red}}^{\ast}\left( N\right) \) arising from a semidirect product \(G\ltimes_{\zeta}N\) of locally compact second countable Hausdorff groups \(G\) and \(N\) for an action \(\zeta:G\rightarrow \mathrm{Aut}\left( N\right) \). In particular, the authors analyze in detail the case of the affine group \(\mathbb{R}\ltimes_{\zeta}\mathbb{R}\) with \(\zeta\left( a\right) :b\mapsto e^{-a}b\), showing that the spectral dimension changes from \(1\) to \(2\) under the proposed program of extension to crossed product. Furthermore the case of \(A=C^{\infty}\left( M\right) \) for a smooth complete Riemannian spin manifold \(\left( M,g\right) \) acted upon by the group \(G=SCO\left( M,\left[ g\right] \right) \) of diffeomorphisms preserving the orientation, conformal, and spin structures of \(M\) is also analyzed.