On the growth of von Neumann dimension of harmonic spaces of semipositive line bundles over covering manifolds (Q2836253)

Let \((X,\omega)\) be a (paracompact) Hermitian manifold with \(\dim X=n\), and let \((L,h^L)\) and \((E,h^E)\) be Hermitian holomorphic line bundles on \(X\). Consider the line bundles \(F_k:=L^{\otimes k}\otimes E\) endowed with the metrics \(h_k=(h^L)^{\otimes k}\otimes h^E\), and let \({\mathcal H}^{n,q}(X,F_k,h_k)\subset L^2_{n,q}(X,F_k,h_k)\) be the space of harmonic \(F_k\)-valued \((n,q)\)-forms on \(X\) defined as the kernel of the Kodaira-Laplace operator induced by this metric data. Let \(B^q_k\) be the Bergman density function of \({\mathcal H}^{n,q}(X,F_k,h_k)\), defined by NEWLINE\[NEWLINEB^q_k(x)=\sum_{j=1}^\infty|s_j^k(x)|^2_{h_k}\,,\,\;x\in X,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(\{s_j^k\}\) is an orthonormal basis of \({\mathcal H}^{n,q}(X,F_k,h_k)\) with respect to the natural inner product. Assume that \(K\subset X\) is a compact set such that \((L,h^L)\) is semipositive (i.e., \(c_1(L,h^L)\geq0\)) in a neighborhood of \(K\). The author proves in Theorem 1.1 that there exists a constant \(C_K>0\) depending on \(K\) such that \(B_k^q(x)\leq Ck^{n-q}\) holds for all \(x\in K,\,k\geq1,\,q\geq1\). When \(X=K\) is compact, this result was proved by \textit{B. Berndtsson} [J. Differ. Geom. 60, No. 2, 295--313 (2002; Zbl 1042.58015), Theorem 2.3].NEWLINENEWLINEThe author uses this result to give an estimate in Theorem 1.2 for the von Neumann dimension NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\dim_\Gamma{\mathcal H}^{n,q}(X,F_k,h_k)\leq Ck^{n-q},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE in the case when \(\Gamma\) is a discrete group acting homomorphically, freely and properly on \(X\) such that \(\omega\) is \(\Gamma\)-invariant and \(X/\Gamma\) is compact, and the line bundles \((L,h^L)\) and \((E,h^E)\) are also \(\Gamma\)-invariant.