On \(n\)-associative formal power series (Q284709)

In general, a formal power series \(F(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in\mathbb{C}[[x_1,\dots,x_n]]\), can be substituted into a formal power series if and only if \(F(0,\dots,0)=0\), which means that \(\mathrm{ord}(F)\geq 1\). For \(n\geq 3\) consider a formal power series \(F(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in\mathbb{C}[[x_1,\dots,x_n]]\) with \(\mathrm{ord}(F)\geq 1\). By substitution we obtain \(n\) terms: \(F(F(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n),x_{n+1},\dots,x_{2n-1})\), \(F(x_1,F(x_2,x_3,\dots,x_{n+1}),x_{n+2},\dots,x_{2n-1}),\dots\), \(F(x_1,\dots,x_{n-1},F(x_n,x_{n+1},\dots,x_{2n-1}))\). The formal power series \(F\) is called \(n\)-associative if the preceding terms are all equal. This paper deals with \(n\)-associativity of formal power series over \(\mathbb{C}\), the \(n\)-associativity of convergent power series and symmetric formal power series. The link between \(n\) and \(m\)-associativity is also studied and some applications are given.