Direct ultradiscretization of Ai and Bi functions and special solutions for the Painlevé II equation (Q2882674)

The authors show that the \(uAi\) and \(uBi\) functions are actually obtained by \(p\)-ultradiscretization from the \(qAi\) and \(qBi\) functions, respectively. The key is to deform the series expression for the \(qAi\) function by the \(q\)-difference Euler transformation. The authors also show that the \(Ai\)- and \(Bi\)-function-type solutions for the ultradiscrete Painlevé II equation correspond to the special solutions of the \(q\)-Painlevé II equation represented by the Casorati determinants whose elements are given by the \(qAi\) and \(qBi\) functions, respectively. The introduction of the \(p\)-ultradiscretization makes it possible to take the limit for the solutions written by determinants.