The projective line over the integers (Q2895446)

As a partially ordered set, the prime spectrum of \(\mathbb{Z}[x]\) has been characterized by \textit{R. Wiegand} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 40, 209--214 (1986; Zbl 0592.13002)]. This description uses five axioms. While four of the axioms hold also for \(\text{Proj}(\mathbb{Z}[h,k])\) (the projective line over the integers), the fifth axiom, regarding ``radical elements'', fails. In [Arab. J. Sci. Eng., Sect. C, Theme Issues 26, No. 1, 31--44 (2001; Zbl 1271.13038)], \textit{M. Arnavut} conjectured that a modified form of Wiegand's fifth axiom would completely characterize \(\text{Proj}(\mathbb{Z}[h, k])\). Arnavut's conjecture is an adjustment of a previous conjecture by \textit{A. Li} and \textit{S. Wiegand} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 130, No. 3, 313--324 (1998; Zbl 0932.13001)].NEWLINENEWLINEIn this paper, the authors survey the work that was been done to describe the poset structure of \(\text{Proj}(\mathbb{Z}[h, k])\) and provide further proof for Arnavaut's conjecture. The two main results of this article (Theorems 5.5 and 5.8) prove the existence of radical elements in two new cases. In particular, classes of \(\mathrm{ht}(1,2)\)-pairs admitting infinitely many radical elements in \(\text{Proj}(\mathbb{Z}[h, k])\) are described.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 1237.13006].