On some theta constants and class fields (Q2929761)

Shimura studied the action of \({\mathrm{GSp}}({\mathbb Z}/N{\mathbb Z})\) on the space of level \(N\) Siegel modular functions, generalising a well-known theory for one variable. One aspect of that theory is that some modular functions can be expressed in terms of Siegel functions \(g_{\left[\begin{smallmatrix} \mathbf r\\ \mathbf s \end{smallmatrix}\right]}(\tau)\), and a similar role is played here by theta constants. The theta constants are defined by NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \Phi_{\left[\begin{smallmatrix} \mathbf r\\ \mathbf s\end{smallmatrix}\right]}(Z)=\frac{\sum_{{\mathbf x}\in {\mathbb Z}^g}e(^t({\mathbf x}+{\mathbf r})Z({\mathbf x}+{\mathbf r}))/2+{}^t({\mathbf x}+{\mathbf r}){\mathbf s}} {\sum_{{\mathbf x}\in{\mathbb Z}^g}e(^t{\mathbf x}Z{\mathbf x}/2)}. NEWLINE\]NEWLINENEWLINE In this paper it is shown a straightforward sufficient condition for a product of such theta constants to be a level \(N\) Siegel modular function (for even \(N\)) and the action of \({\text{GSp}}({\mathbb Z}/N{\mathbb Z})\) is elucidated in those terms.NEWLINENEWLINEFurthermore, if \(K\) is a CM field then, according to the general theory of reciprocity, the special values of a modular forms should lie in some abelian extension of the reflex field \(K^*\). Here, for the special case where \(K\) is the field of 5th roots of unity over \({\mathbb Q}\), such details are worked out more explicitly. In particular, the Galois action on the ray class field \(K_{(2p)}\) for \(p\) an odd prime, which is generated by the special value of \(\Phi_{\left[\begin{smallmatrix} \mathbf r \\ \mathbf s\end{smallmatrix}\right]}(Z)^{2p^2}\) with \({\mathbf r}=\left[\begin{smallmatrix} 1/p\\ 0 \end{smallmatrix}\right]\), \(\mathbf {s}=\left[\begin{smallmatrix} 0\\ 0 \end{smallmatrix}\right]\), is calculated completely explicit.NEWLINENEWLINEThe final section provides two ways of concretely writing down a generator of an abelian extension \(K(x,y)\) of a number field \(K\).