On proximinality of convex sets in superspaces (Q296163)

A closed subset \(A\) of a normed space \(X\) is called proximinal if \(P_A(x)\neq \emptyset\) for every \(x\in X\), where \(P_A(x)=\{y\in A : \| x-y\| =d(x,A)\}\) and \(d(x,A)=\inf\{\| x-z\| : z\in A\}\). The set \(A\) is called strongly proximinal if it is proximinal and for every \(x\in X\) and \(\varepsilon >0\) there exists \(\delta >0\) such that \(P_A(x;\delta)\subset P_A(x)+\varepsilon B_X\), \(B_X\) being the closed unit ball of \(X\) and \(P_A(x,\delta)=\{y\in X : \| x-y\| \leq d(x,A)+\delta\}\). The set \(A\) is called super proximinal (super strongly proximinal) if it is proximinal (resp., strongly proximinal) in every Banach space \(Y\) containing it, meaning that there exists a linear isometry of the closed linear span of \(A\) into \(Y\). Let \(C\) be a closed convex subset of a Banach space \(X\). The authors prove the following results: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] The set \(C\) is super proximinal if and only if \(C\) is locally weakly compact (Theorem 2.3) and if and only if it is linearly isomorphic to a subset of a reflexive Banach space (Theorem 2.7); \item [(b)] the set \(C\) is super strongly proximinal if and only if \(C\) is locally compact (Theorem 3.3); \item [(c)] the set \(C\) is locally compact if and only if the metric projection \(P_C\) from every superspace \(Y\) of \(C\) onto \(C\) is nonempty set-valued and upper semi-continuous (Theorem 3.7). \end{itemize}} Some particular cases of these results are: if \(C\) is a Banach space \(X\), then \(X\) is super proximinal iff it is reflexive [\textit{W. Pollul}, Reflexivität und Existenz-Teilräume in der linearen Approximationstheorie. (Reflexivity and existence subspaces in linear approximation theory). Ber. Ges. Math. Datenverarbeitung, Bonn 53 (1972; Zbl 0229.41014)], and \(X\) is super strongly proximinal iff it is finite dimensional [\textit{D. Narayana}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 134, No. 4, 1167--1172 (2006; Zbl 1102.46010)].