On scalar curvature rigidity of vacuum static spaces (Q303607)

We say that \((M^n,\overline g,f)\) is a vacuum static space, if \((M^n,\overline g)\) is a complete Riemannian manifold and the smooth function \(f\not\equiv 0\) satisfies the equation \[ \nabla^2f-\Biggl(\text{Ric}[\overline g]-{R[\overline g]\over n-1}\,g\Biggr)\,f= 0 \] on \(M^n\). The function is called the lapse function for the vacuum static space \((M^n,\overline g)\). The authors prove the following: Suppose that \((M^n,\overline g,f)\) is a vacuum static space. Let \(p\in M\) and \(f(p)\neq 0\). Then there exists \(r_0>0\) such that, for each geodesic ball \(B_r(p)\), there exists \(\varepsilon_0>0\) such that, for any metric \(g\) on \(\overline{B_r(p)}\) satisfying, \(g=\overline g\) on \(\partial B_r(p)\); \(R[g]\geq R[\overline g]\) in \(B_r(p)\); \(H[g]\geq H[\overline g]\) on \(\partial B_r(p)\); \(\| g-\overline g\|_{C^2\overline{B_r(p)}}< \varepsilon_0\), there exists a diffeomorphism \(\phi:B_r(p)\to B_r(p)\) such that \(\phi|_{\partial B_r([)}= \mathrm{id}\) and \(\phi^*g=\overline g\) in \(B_r(p)\), provided that \(r<r_0\). Moreover, the authors obtain the local scalar curvature rigidity of bounded domains in hyperbolic spaces and the local scalar curvature rigidity for conformal deformations of metrics in the domains, where the lapse functions are positive, on vacuum static spaces with positive scalar curvature and shown that such domains are maximal, which, by the authors, generalizes the work by \textit{F. Hang} and \textit{X. Wang} [Commun. Anal. Geom. 14, No. 1, 91--106 (2006; Zbl 1119.53029)]. Finally, we should mention that, the above results generalize the work by \textit{S. Brendle} and \textit{F. C. Marques} [J. Differ. Geom. 88, No. 3, 379--394 (2011; Zbl 1237.53037)]. There are also some relations of the above results to the article by \textit{J. Corvino} [Commun. Math. Phys. 214, No. 1, 137--189 (2000; Zbl 1031.53064)].