The direct summand conjecture for some bigenerated extensions and an asymptotic version of Koh's conjecture (Q304566)

The Direct Summand Conjecture, as stated by \textit{M. Hochster} [Nagoya Math. J. 51, 25--43 (1973; Zbl 0245.13012)], says that if \(R\) is a regular Noetherian ring and \(S\supset R\) is a module-finite \(R\)-algebra, then \(R\) is a direct summand of \(S\) as an \(R\)-module. This conjecture reduces at once to the local case, namely, we may assume that \(R\) and \(S\) are local rings (so, in particular, \(R\) is a unique factorization domain). The authors give a proof of this conjecture in the particular case when the base ring \(R\) has mixed characteristic zero and \(S\) is generated as a \(R\)-algebra by two elements satisfying either radical quadratic equations (Theorem 1) or general quadratic equations (Theorem 3). Furthermore, in the second part of the paper, the authors discuss an asymptotic version of \textit{J. H. Koh}'s Conjecture [The direct summand conjecture and behavior of codimension in graded extensions. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan (Ph.D. Thesis) (1983)], a generalization of the Direct Summand Conjecture in the sense that \(R\) is not necessarily supposed regular and \(S\), considered as an \(R\)-module, has finite projective dimension.