Indirect controllability of some linear parabolic systems of \(m\) equations with \(m-1\) controls involving coupling terms of zero or first order (Q311163)

The paper is concerned with the problem of the null and approximate controllability for a class of linear coupled parabolic systems with less controls than equations. In the essence, the paper contains two results formulated as theorems. The first result provides a necessary and sufficient condition for null (or approximate) controllability in the case of constant coefficients. The second result concerns the case of general coefficients depending on space and time variables in the particular case of two equations. For the latter case, the authors give a generic sufficient condition to obtain the null or approximate controllability in arbitrary small time.