Some remarks on CS modules and SI rings (Q3149462)

A CS module is one where every submodule is essential as a submodule of a direct summand. This property is shared by a wide range of modules, from the uniform ones to the injective ones. This property is also one of the two defining properties of a continuous module. A module is said to be continuous if and only if it is CS and every submodule isomorphic to a direct summand is itself a direct summand. All injective modules are continuous. Generalizing previous work of \textit{K. R. Goodearl} [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 124 (1972; Zbl 0242.16018)] and others about rings for which all singular right modules are injective (right SI rings), \textit{S. T. Rizvi} and \textit{M. F. Yousif} introduced right SC rings, namely, those rings over which all singular right modules are continuous [in Non-commutative ring theory, Lect. Notes Math. 1448, 116-124 (1990; Zbl 0714.16005)]. In this paper it is shown that the following two properties are equivalent over a right SC ring \(R\): (a) the direct sum of countable copies of \(R\) is a right CS module and (b) every right (and every left) module over \(R\) is CS. A corollary of this result improves on a theorem of \textit{M.-S. Chen} [in Southeast Asian Bull. Math. 24, No. 1, 25-29 (2000; Zbl 0980.16016)], which states that, given a right SC right quasi-continuous ring \(R\), ``if every CS right \(R\)-module is \(\Sigma\)-CS then \(R\) is a QF ring''. The improved version (Corollary 3.2 of the paper under review) weakens the hypothesis to say only that ``\(E\) is countably \(\Sigma\)-CS''. Also, a counterexample is given for Theorem 4 in [\textit{M.-S. Chen}, loc. cit.] that claims that, for a right SI right CS ring, the condition that every CS right \(R\)-module is \(\Sigma\)-CS is a direct sum of right self-injective rings. Finally, considering a property introduced in [\textit{M.-S. Chen}, loc. cit.] that for any pair of orthogonal primitive idempotents \(f\) and \(g\) in \(R\) \(fRg=0\) if and only if \(gRf=0\), it is shown that this condition reduces to being semisimple Artinian if one assumes that the ring is left perfect and right nonsingular.