Persistence of the hyperbolic lower dimensional non-twist invariant torus in a class of Hamiltonian systems (Q323998)

This work focuses on the persistence of lower dimensional hyperbolic invariant tori in the class of Hamiltonian systems: NEWLINENEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{cases} \dot{\theta}=h_{I}(I)+ f_{I}(\theta, I, v, u),\\ \dot{I}=-f_{\theta}(\theta, I, v, u), \\ \dot{v}=\Omega u+ f_{u}(x, y, v, u), \\ \dot{u}=\Omega v- f_{v}(x, y, v, u), \end{cases}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINEwhere \(\Omega=\text{diag}\{\Omega_{1}, \Omega_{2}, \ldots, \Omega_{m}\}\) and \(\text{Re}(\Omega_{j})\neq 0, j=1, 2,\ldots, m\). NEWLINEThe authors prove that if \(\omega_{0}\) is a Diophantine frequency and the topological degree of \(\omega_{0}\) is not zero, then the perturbed system still has a hyperbolic invariant torus with \(\omega_{0}\) as its tangential frequency, i.e., the torus persists under small perturbations. The method used in this paper is developed in [\textit{J. Xu} et al., Pro. Math Amer Soc. 138, 2385--2395 (2010; Zbl 1202.37079)].