The variational Poisson cohomology (Q351723)

Motivated by the observation that the validity of the so called Lenard-Magri scheme of integrability of a bi-Hamiltonian PDE can be established if one has some precise information on the corresponding 1st variational Poisson cohomology for one of the two Hamiltonian operators. The authors develop cohomological approach to the application of the Poisson vertex algebras in the theory of Hamiltonian partial differential equations. In the first part of the paper it is shown how to introduce various cohomology complexes, including Lie superalgebra and Poisson cohomology complexes, and basic and reduced Lie conformal algebra and Poisson vertex algebra cohomology complexes, by making use of the corresponding universal Lie superalgebra or Lie conformal superalgebra. The most relevant are certain subcomplexes of the basic and reduced Poisson vertex algebra cohomology complexes, which are identified (non-canonically) with the generalized de Rham complex and the generalized variational complex. In the second part of the paper the cohomology of the generalized de Rham complex is computed. Also, via a detailed study of the long exact sequence, the cohomology of the generalized variational complex for any quasiconstant coefficient Hamiltonian operator with invertible leading coefficient is computed. For this some differential linear algebra developed in the Appendix is used.