Galois realizability of groups of orders \(p^5\) and \(p^6\) (Q352751)

Let \(p\) be an odd prime and \(k\) an arbitrary field of characteristic not \(p\). In this article, the author investigates the realizability of a number of groups of orders \(p^5\) and \(p^6\) as Galois groups over \(k\), provided that \(k\) contains certain roots of unity. In recent years, extensive research has been done related to the description of necessary and sufficient conditions for the realizability of small \(p\)-groups, especially for \(p=2\). These conditions are often expressed as the splitting of certain elements in the Brauer group of \(k\), called ``obstructions''. The paper under review is focused on the obstructions for the realizability of all groups of orders \(p^5\) and \(p^6\) that have an abelian quotient obtained by factoring out central subgroups of order \(p\) or \(p^2\). In the last section, the author determines the obstructions for the realizability of \(18+ p- 1\) groups of order \(p^5\) and more than \(71+ 4(p- 1)\) groups of order \(p^6\), and arranges them into six tables.