Strong asymptotics for Bergman polynomials over domains with corners and applications (Q359603)

Let \(G\subset\mathbb{C}\) be a bounded Jordan domain,\ \(\Gamma :=\partial G,\;\)and\ let \(\left \{ p_{n}\right \} _{n=0}^{\infty }\) denote the sequence of Bergman polynomials of \(G.~\)This is defined as the unique sequence \[ p_{n}(z)=\lambda _{n}z^{n}+\dots,\;\;\lambda _{n}>0,\;n=0,1,2,\dots, \] of polynomials that are orthonormal with respect to the inner product \[ \left( f,g\right) :=\int \limits_{G}f(z)\overline{g(z)}d\sigma (z), \] where \(d\sigma \) stands for the area measure. Let \(\Omega :=\overline{\mathbb{C}}\backslash \overline{G}\;\)\ denote the complement of \(\overline{G}\)\ in \( \overline{\mathbb{C}}\), and let \(\Phi \) denote the conformal map \(\Omega \rightarrow \left \{ w:\left | w\right | >1\right \}\), normalized by \(\Phi (\infty )=\infty ,\;\lim_{z\rightarrow \infty }\frac{\Phi (z)}{z}>0\), and let \(\Psi :=\Phi ^{-1}.\)\ Let the function \(\;z=\Psi (w)\;\)\ have the Laurent series near \( z=\infty \) as follows: \[ \Psi (w)\;=\frac{1}{\gamma }w+b_{0}+\frac{b_{1}}{w}+\frac{b_{2}}{w^{2}} +\dots,~\left | w\right | >1 \] In this work the author investigates the strong asymptotics for Bergman polynomials \(p_{n}(z)\) and for \(\lambda _{n}\;\)\ in the domains with piecewise analytic curve without cusps. The main results are the following theorems: {Theorem 1.1.} Assume that \(\Gamma \) is piecewise analytic without cusps. Then, for any \(n\in\mathbb{N},\) it holds that \[ \frac{n+1}{\pi}\frac{\gamma ^{2(n+1)}}{\lambda _{n}^{2}}=1-\alpha _{n}, \] where \[ 0\leq \alpha _{n}\leq c_{1}(\Gamma )\frac{1}{n}, \] and \(c_{1}(\Gamma )>0\) is a constant. {Theorem 1.2.} Under the assumptions of Theorem 1.1, for any \(n\in\mathbb{N},\) it holds that \[ p_{n}(z)=\sqrt{\frac{n+1}{\pi }}\Phi ^{n}(z)\Phi ^{\prime }(z)\left \{ 1+A_{n}(z)\right \} ,\;\;z\in \Omega , \] where \[ \left | A_{n}(z)\right | \leq \frac{c_{2}(\Gamma )}{\mathrm{dist}(z,\Gamma )\left | \Phi ^{\prime }(z)\right | }\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+c_{3}(\Gamma ) \frac{1}{n}, \] and \(c_{i}(\Gamma )>0,\) \(i=2,3,\) are a constants. The third theorem shows how much faster the value \(\alpha _{n}\) tends to zero: {Theorem 1.3.} Assume that \(\Gamma \) is quasiconformal and rectifiable. Then, for any \(n\in\mathbb{N},\) it holds that \[ \alpha _{n}\geq c_{4}(\Gamma )(n+1)\left | b_{n+1}\right | ^{2}, \] where \(c_{4}(\Gamma )>0\;\)\ is a constant. Further, the author presents the known results for different domains and some applications of these theorems. We note that, in [Izv. Akad. Nauk Az. SSR, Ser. Fiz.-Tekh. Mat. Nauk 1986, No. 4, 7--10 (1986; Zbl 0621.30031)] the reviewer investigated similar problems for the domain with arbitrary quasiconformal boundary. In particular, the following results are obtained: For any \(n\in\mathbb{N},\) the following is true: \[ \frac{n+1}{\pi }\frac{\gamma ^{2(n+1)}}{\lambda _{n}^{2}}\geq c_{0}(\Gamma ), \] {if }\(\Gamma \) is a arbitrary quasiconformal curve, where \( 0<c_{0}(\Gamma )<1,\) and \[ \frac{n+1}{\pi }\frac{\gamma ^{2(n+1)}}{\lambda _{n}^{2}}\leq 1, \] if \(\Gamma \) is a Jordan curve. The last estimate is sharp, since \(\;\lambda _{n}=\sqrt{\frac{n+1}{\pi }},\)\ for \(\Gamma =\left \{ z:\left | z\right | =1\right \}\).