The gerby Gopakumar-Mariño-Vafa formula (Q372692)

Generating functions of both Gromov-Witten (GW) and Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a toric Calabi-Yau \(3\)-fold can be computed via the topological vertex formalism by putting together contributions from vertices of its toric diagram. For smooth \(3\)-folds in the GW case a vertex contribution is computed as the generating function of abelian Hodge integrals, and in the DT case as the generating function of colored \(3\)D partitions. The correspondence between the two is given by the Gopakumar-Mariño-Vafa formula. In this paper the authors generalize it to an orbifold case, namely to the ineffective one-leg \(A_{n-1}\) vertex. Abelian Hodge integrals are replaced by \(\mathbb{Z}_n\) Hodge integrals, and ordinary partitions are replaced by twisted ones corresponding to the conjugacy classes/irreducible representations of the generalized symmetric group \(\mathbb{Z}\wr S_d\). The main application is to establishing the GW/DT correspondence for the local \(\mathbb{Z}_n\) gerbes over \(\mathbb{P}^1\), total spaces of rank two Calabi-Yau orbibundles over one of the global \(\mathbb{Z}_n\) gerbes over \(\mathbb{P}^1\) classified by \(H^2(\mathbb{P}^1,\mathbb{Z}_n)\). This is the first example of the correspondence for spaces with non-trivial curve classes lying entirely in the singular locus. The GW generating function turns out to be equal, after a change of variables, to the reduced multi-regular DT generating function. Thus, much information from the DT side is lost, and the authors speculate that the extra data may be contained in the GW theory of very twisted stable maps of Chen, Markus and Úlfarsson. The proof requires some new ingredients compared to the classical Gopakumar-Mariño-Vafa formula. In particular, one cannot use the \(\mathbb{Z}_n\) Mumford relation, and the orbifold structure at the nodes is no longer determined by the degree of the map, so the tools of the representation theory of the symmetric group do not work. Instead, the authors derive a set of bilinear relations by localizing relative maps to cyclic gerbes over \(\mathbb{P}^1\), which leads to twisted partitions and the generalized symmetric group \(\mathbb{Z}\wr S_d\) on the GW side. On the DT side Schur functions have to be replaced by a specialization of the loop Schur functions.