On the noncoincidence of two sets of linear systems (Q376365)

The paper deals with the linear differential systems \[ \dot{x}=A(t)x,\;x\in \mathbb{R}^n,\;t\geq 0\eqno(1_A) \] with piecewise continuous and bounded matrices \(A.\) Two sets \(EI_n\) and \(GROD_n\) of systems \((1_A)\) are considered: \(EI_n\) is the set of systems \((1_A)\) such that for any piecewise continuous matrix \(B(t),\) \(\varlimsup_{t\to+\infty}\ln\|B(t)\|/t<0,\) the system \((1_{A+B})\) has the same Lyapunov exponents as system \((1_A)\); \(GROD_n\) is a set of systems \((1_A)\) reducible by a generalized Lyapunov transformation to diagonal systems with ordered diagonal. It is proved that the inclusion \(GROD_n\subset EI_n\) is strict for any \(n\geq 2.\)