Derived categories of Burniat surfaces and exceptional collections (Q382302)

A Burniat surface is a smooth surface of general type \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \(\mathbb{K}\) of characteristic \(\neq 2\) satisfying \(p_g=H^2(X,\mathcal{O}_X)=0=H^1(X,\mathcal{O}_X)=q\) and \(K_X^2=6\). These surfaces form a \(4\)-dimensional family. Most of these surfaces (over \(\mathbb{C}\) all of them) can be conveniently described as a Galois \(\mathbb{Z}^2_2\)-cover of \(\text{Bl}_3\mathbb{P}^2\), the blow-up of the projective plane in three points. The main result of the paper describes the structure of \(D^b(X)\), the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on \(X\). To be more precise, recall that an object \(E\in D^b(X)\) is called exceptional if \(\text{Hom}(E,E[l])=\mathbb{K}\) for \(l=0\) and \(\text{Hom}(E,E[l])=0\) for \(l\neq 0\). For example, any line bundle on \(X\) is exceptional. An exceptional collection \((E_1,\ldots,E_k)\) is an ordered sequence of exceptional objects satisfying \(\text{Hom}(E_m,E_n[l])=0\) for \(m>n\) and for all \(l\). The authors prove that on any Burniat surface \(X\) which is a Galois cover there exists an exceptional collection of length \(6\) consisting of line bundles \(L_i\). This implies that the orthogonal complement \(\mathcal{T}\) of this collection, that is the category of objects \(F\) satisfying \(\text{Hom}(F,L_i[l])=0\) for all \(i\) and all \(l\), has trivial Hochschild homology and finite Grothendieck group. The paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 the authors study the Picard group of a Burniat surface via its close connection to \(\text{Bl}_3\mathbb{P}^2\) mentioned above. Section 3 recalls some well-known results concerning exceptional collections on \(\text{Bl}_3\mathbb{P}^2\). In Section 4 the authors construct exceptional sequences of maximal possible length \(6\) using the results from Section 2. More precisely, they show that these sequences split into so-called blocks, similar to what happens on \(\text{Bl}_3\mathbb{P}^2\). Furthermore, denoting \(\bigoplus_i L_i\) by \(T\), the authors calculate the DG-algebra of endomorphisms of \(T\) and prove that it is formal. The latter statement implies, in particular, that the category generated by the exceptional collection does not change when the surface is varied. The paper concludes with some remarks in Section 5.