The energy density in the planar Ising model (Q392789)

A rigorous exact derivation of the one-point function of the energy density is obtained which matches the predictions of the conformal field theory. The integrable structure of the 2D Ising model is exploited in a different way from the one in classical literature. The approach is in some sense similar to the way used by R. Kenyon. Here the energy density is written in terms of discrete fermion correlators which can solve a discrete version of a Riemann boundary value problem. This leads to an exact, though very complicated formula. Therefore, the authors pass to the scaling limit, showing that the solution of the discrete boundary value problem appoximates well its continuous counterpart using conformal maps. The result is a short expression that approximates the energy density to the first order and the expression is conformally covariant.