Difference integrability conditions for parameterized linear difference and differential equations (Q395250)

Let \(K\) be a partial differential field of characteristic zero with a set of derivations \(\Delta =\{\delta_1,\ldots,\delta_m\}\) and a set \(\Phi =\{\phi_1,\ldots,\phi_p\}\) of commuting differential automorphisms of \(K\) The paper deals with the system of linear difference-differential equations of the following form \[ (\text{a})\;\phi _1Y=A_1Y,\ldots,\phi_pY=A_pY\qquad (\text{b})\;\delta_1=B_1Y,\ldots,\delta_m=B_mY, \] where \(A_1,\ldots,A_p\in\mathrm{GL}_K(n)\) and \(B_1,\ldots,B_m\in M_K(n)\). The system (ab) is called integrable if there exists a partial differential field extension \(L\) of \(K\) corresponding to the system (ab). The integrability of the system requires the following relations between its coefficients (1) \(\quad (\phi_j A_i) A_j=(\phi_i A_j) A_i,\;1\leq i,j\leq p\), (2) \(\quad (\phi_j B_i) A_j=\delta_i A_j+A_j,\;1\leq j\leq p,\;1\leq i\leq m\), (3) \(\quad \delta_i B_j-\delta_j B_i=[B_i,B_j],\;\;1\leq i,j\leq m\). The author claims (the main theorem) that if one supplements the set \(\Phi \) with additional automorphisms, the test of conditions (1) can do not completely. This suggests that perhaps all systems of (ab) type are constructed as follows. Let \(C\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, \(G\) be a connected commutative algebraic group defined over \(C\), \(L\) be a partial differential field with \(\mathrm{Gal}(L/C)=G\) and a set of derivations \(\Delta =\{\delta_1,\ldots,\delta_m\}\), \(\psi \colon G\to \mathrm{GL}_C(n)\) be a nontrivial representation, \(H=\mathrm{ker}(\psi),K=L^H\) and \(A\in \mathrm{GL}_K(n)\). Since the field \(C\) is algebraically closed, then \(L\) is a \(G\)-primitive extension of \(C\), i.e, there is \(g\in G_L\) such that\(L=C<g>\). Let \(Y=A\psi (g)\) then (c) \(\quad \forall (\phi \in G\backslash H)\;\phi Y=A_\phi Y,\;A_\phi\in \mathrm{GL}_K(n)\), (d) \(\quad \forall (\delta \in \Delta )\;\delta Y=B_\delta Y,\;B_\delta\in M_K(n)\) and according to the definitions the system (cd) is a substantial system of linear difference-differential equations.