A fourth extremal even unimodular lattice of dimension 48 (Q397161)

One of the main and difficult problems in lattice theory is to find dense lattices. The densest lattices are known only in dimension \(n \leq 8\) and in dimension 24. For \(n=8\) and \(n=24\) the densest lattices are even unimodular lattices. Extremal even unimodular lattices in jump dimensions \(24m\) are of particular interest. In 2009, \textit{H. Cohn} and \textit{A. Kumar} [Ann. Math. (2) 170, No. 3, 1003--1050 (2009; Zbl 1213.11144)] proved that in dimension 24 the Leech lattice is a unique extremal even unimodular lattice , which is the densest 24-dimensional lattice. \textit{J. H. Conway} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 1, 79--88 (1969; Zbl 0186.32304)] showed that the automorphism group of the Leech lattice is a covering group of the sporadic simple Conway group Co\(_{1}\). The \(196560\) minimal vectors of the Leech lattice form the unique tight spherical 11-design and realize the maximal kissing number in dimension 24. Due to the author [J. Reine Angew. Math. 673, 237--247 (2012; Zbl 1270.11066)], one extremal unimodular lattice in dimension 72 is known. In dimension 48 there are at least four extremal even unimodular lattices which are the densest known lattices in their dimension and realize the maximal known kissing number \(52,416,000.\) It is a very interesting problem to classify all 48-dimensional extremal even unimodular lattices. In [Int. J. Number Theory 9, No. 8, 1933--1959 (2013; Zbl 1282.11075)] the author classified all 48-dimensional extremal lattices that have an automorphism of order \(a\) with \(\phi(a)>24\). All these lattices are isometric to one of the already known lattices \(P_{48p}, P_{48q} \) or \(P_{48n}\). The present paper classifies all extremal lattices invariant under a certain automorphism of order \(5\). It turns out that there is a unique such lattice, \(P_{48m}\), and this lattice is not isometric to any of the already known lattices mentioned above.