Fully simple semihypergroups. (Q397863)

The authors consider the class of semihypergroups \(H\) such that all subsemihypergroups \(K\subseteq H\) are simple and, when \(|K|\geq 3\) the fundamental relation \(\beta_K\) is not transitive. They give a characterization of fully simple semihypergroups. Indeed, they prove that a semihypergroup \(H\) such that \(|H|\geq 3\) is fully simple if and only if the following conditions hold: (1) There exists a right (resp. left) absorbing element \(a\in H\); (2) For all \(x,y\in H-\{a\}\), with \(x\neq y\), the set \(\{a,x,y\}\) is a subsemihypergroup of \(H\) isomorphic to one of five certain semihypergroups; (3) For every triple \((x,y,z)\) of distinct elements in \(H-\{a\}\), the set \(\{x,y,z\}\) is not a subsemihypergroup of \(H\). Also, they solve an open problem of \textit{D. Fasino} and \textit{D. Freni}, [Arab. J. Math. 1, No. 2, 175-190 (2012; Zbl 1266.20084)].