On generalized Dedekind sums involving quasi-periodic Euler functions (Q404353)

Let \(((x)) = x - [x] - 1/2 \) if \(x\) is not an integer, \( ((x)) = 0 \) if \(x\) is an integer. For two integers \(a\) and \(b\), we define the \textit{Dedekind sum} as \[ s (a,b) = \sum_{ k = 0 }^{b-1} \left( \left( {ka \over b} \right) \right) \left( \left( {k \over b} \right) \right) . \] Dedekind sums first appeared in Dedekind's work on the \(\eta\)-function and have been generalized in various ways, e.g., by \textit{T. M. Apostol} [Duke Math. J. 17, 147--157 (1950; Zbl 0039.03801)], who replaced one of the \(((x))\)-functions by a periodized Bernoulli polynomial, and \textit{H. Rademacher} [Acta Arith. 9, 7--105 (1964; Zbl 0128.27101)], who introduced a shift in the \(((x))\)-functions. \textit{L. Carlitz} [Math. Z. 85, 83--90 (1964; Zbl 0122.05104)] unified both generalizations and considered Dedekind-like sums of the form \[ \sum_{ k=0 }^{ b-1 } \overline B_1 \left( {(k+x)a \over b} \right) \overline B_m \left( {k+x \over b} + y \right) \] for a fixed \(m\), where \(\overline B_n(x)\) denotes a periodized version of the Bernoulli polynomial. The authors treat similar sums, where the Bernoulli polynomials are replaced by \textit{Euler polynomials}, defined through the generating function \[ {{ 2 \, e^{ xz } } \over { e^z + 1 }} = \sum_{ n \geq 0 } E_n(x) \, {{ z^n } \over { n! }} \, . \] The main result is a reciprocity theorem which parallels that of Carlitz.