Mahler's polynomial approximation for odd and even \(p\)-adic functions (Q404360)

Let \(V\) be a discrete valuation domain with residue field of \(q<\infty\) elements and field of fractions \(K\), and let \(\mathrm{Int}^{\mathrm{o}}(V)\) and \(\mathrm{Int}^{\mathrm{e}}(V)\) be the \(V\)-algebras of odd, resp. even polynomials in \(K[X]\) mapping \(V\) in \(V\). Recently \textit{L. Klingler} (misspelled ``Klinger'' in the paper) and \textit{M. Marshall} [J. Number Theory 133, No. 5, 1525--1536 (2013; Zbl 1261.13012)] constructed \(V\)-bases for \(\mathrm{Int}^{\mathrm{o}}(V)\) and \(\mathrm{Int}^{\mathrm{e}}(V)\) in the case when either \(q\) is odd or \(q=2\) and \(2V\) is the maximal ideal of \(V\). The authors consider the more general situation, when \(K\) is a valued field of characteristic \(\neq2\) with valuation \(v\), \(V\) is its valuation domain, \(E\) is an infinite subset of \(K\) having compact completion, and \(\mathrm{Int}_{\mathrm{o}}(E,V)\), \(\mathrm{Int}_{\mathrm{e}}(E,V)\) are \(V\)-algebras of odd, resp. even polynomials in \(K[X]\) mapping \(E\) in \(V\). In the case when the residue field of \(V\) has odd characteristic, and \(E\) is symmetric (i.e., \(x\in E\) implies \(-x\in E\)) they show how to construct \(V\)-bases for \(\mathrm{Int}_{\mathrm{o}}(E,V)\) and \(\mathrm{Int}_{\mathrm{e}}(E,V)\) using \(v\)-orderings of \(E\). A two-sided sequence \((u_n)_{n=-\infty}^\infty\) of elements of \(E\) is said to be a two-sided strong \(v\)-ordering of \(E\) if for every \(k\in Z\) the sequence \(u_k,u_{k+1},\dots\) is a \(v\)-ordering of \(E\). For real \(\gamma\) two elements \(x,y\) of \(E\) are said to lie in the same class mod \(\gamma\), if \(v(x-y)\geq\gamma\). A compact set \(E\subset K\) is called regular if for all real \(\gamma<\delta\) each class mod \(\gamma\) contains the same number of classes mod \(\delta\). In Theorem 7.2 it is shown that if the field \(K\) is complete and has odd characteristic, and \(E\) is symmetric, compact and regular, then using a two-sided \(v\)-ordering of \(E\) one can construct orthonormal bases of the Banach spaces of odd and even continuous functions from \(E\) to \(K\).