Source identities and kernel functions for deformed (quantum) Ruijsenaars models (Q405619)

In this paper the authors derive explicit source identities and kernel functions for a relativistic generalization of models of quantum Calogero-Sutherland systems due to Ruijsenaars. (A function \(F(x,y)\) is called a kernel function of a pair of Hamiltonian operators \(H(x)\) and \({\tilde H}(y)\) if \((H(x)-{\tilde H}(y)-c)F(x,y) =0\) for some constant \(c\). Such identities have been used to find eigenfunctions of the operators \(H,{\tilde H}\).) The generalization here is in terms of a deformation of analytic difference operators of the form \[ \left({\mathcal S}^\pm_{\mathcal N}({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})-s(ig\beta \sum_{J=1}^{\mathcal N} m_J)/ig\beta s'(0)\right)\Phi({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})=0 \] where \(\Phi({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})=\prod_{1\leq J<K\leq {\mathcal N}}\;\phi(X_J-X_K: m_J,m_k) \) as in the Ruijsenaars model, but here \(f_\pm(x:m,m')\) equals either \((\frac{s(x\pm ig\beta(m+m')/2)}{s(x\pm ig\beta(m-m')/2)})^\frac12\) or \(1\), depending on the values of parameters \(m,m'\). The function \(s(x)\) is chosen as usual for the rational, trigonometric, hyperbolic and elliptic cases. The Ruijsenaars model is the special case \(m=m'=1\). The authors find a source identity for these operators of the form \[ \left({\mathcal S}^\pm_{\mathcal N}({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})-s(ig\beta \sum_{J=1}^{\mathcal N} m_J)/ig\beta s'(0)\right)\Phi({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})=0 \] where \(\Phi({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})=\prod_{1\leq J<K\leq {\mathcal N}}\;\phi(X_J-X_K: m_J,m_k)\) is a common eigenfunction for both \(\pm\) cases and \(\phi(x:m,m')\) is either \(s(x)\) or expressible in terms of a function depending on \(s(x)\) for the various choices of the parameters. A key observation here is that if \((m_J,X_J)= (1,x_J)\) for \(J=1,\dots,N\) and \((m_J,X_J)= (-1,y_{J-N})\) for \(J-N=1,\dots,M\) then \({\mathcal S}^\pm_{ N+M}({\mathbf X}:{\mathbf m})={\mathcal S}^\pm_{ N}({\mathbf x}:g,\beta) -{\mathcal S}^\pm_{ M}({-\mathbf y}:g,\beta)\), so that the source identity leads immediately to explicit kernel function identities of the form \[ \left({\mathcal S}^\pm_{ N}({\mathbf x}:g,\beta) -{\mathcal S}^\pm_{ M}({-\mathbf y}:g,\beta) -s(ig\beta (N-M))/ig\beta s'(0)\right) F_{N,M}({\mathbf x},{\mathbf y}:g,\beta)=0. \] The complete details of the long and complicated proofs are provided; the exposition is clear. There is a discussion of future research directions.