Geometrical Bijections in Discrete Lattices (Q4243074)

This paper addresses several topics: First, wobbling bijections (w.b's) between planar lattices \(\left(\begin{smallmatrix} c_{11} &c_{12}\\ c_{21} &c_{22}\end{smallmatrix}\right){\mathbb Z}\) of unit fundamental domain are studied, where a w.b. \(f\) is a bijection such that \(\|x-f(x)\|\) is bounded from above by the wobbling distance (w.d.). One result is the existence of a w.b.\ to \({\mathbb Z}^2\) with w.d.\(\leq 5\max|c_{ij}|\). For rectangular lattices \(a{\mathbb Z}\times {1\over a}{\mathbb Z}\) and rotated lattices (\(c_{11}=c_{22}=\cos\alpha\), \(c_{21}=-c_{12}=\sin\alpha\)) w.d.'s are \((3+a)/2\) and \(\sqrt{5}/2\), respectively. This shows that such lattices belong to the class of uniformly spread sets, wich has been introduced by \textit{M. Laczkovich} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 404, 77-117 (1990; Zbl 0748.51017)]. The second part of the paper deals with the problem which line segments of a unit grid are intersected by the ray \((1,\alpha){\mathbb R}_+\), which is a billard problem. The Sturmian sequence \(B(\alpha)\) consisting of the letters \(v,h\) and indicating the succession of vertical and horizontal segments, is shown to be connected to the sequence \(C(\alpha)\) which is defined by \(C_k(\alpha)=\#(\alpha{\mathbb N}\cap[k,k+1))\), \(k=1,2,\dots\) These number-theoretic methods are used to show the existence of certain w.b.'s for rectangular lattices and for estimating some discrepancies of sequences from below. Finally, the paper shows the existence of a subset of \({\mathbb Q}^2\) which has a w.b. to the unit lattice \({\mathbb Z}^2\), but no recursive one, and which itself is recursively constructed by diagonalizing out the partial recursive functions of \({\mathbb Q}^2\) to \({\mathbb Z}^2\).